Yintoni ikhonkco le-5G NR Wave signal?

Iimpawu zeMillimeter wave zibonelela nge-bandwidth ebanzi kunye namazinga aphezulu edatha kuneempawu eziphantsi. Jonga ikhonkco lomqondiso jikelele phakathi kwe-eriyali kunye ne-digital baseband.
Irediyo entsha ye-5G (5G NR) yongeza i-millimeter wave frequency kwizixhobo zeselula kunye neenethiwekhi. Kunye noku kuza ikhonkco le-RF-to-baseband kunye nezixhobo ezingafunekiyo kwiifrikhwensi ezingaphantsi kwe-6 GHz. Ngelixa amaza amaza emilimitha ngobuchwephesha aqala ukusuka kuma-30 ukuya kuma-300 GHz, ngeenjongo ze-5G asuka kuma-24 ukuya kuma-90 GHz, kodwa afikelela kwincopho malunga ne-53 GHz. Ukusetyenziswa kwamaza eMillimeter ekuqaleni bekulindeleke ukuba kubonelele ngesantya sedatha ekhawulezayo kwii-smartphones ezixekweni, kodwa ukusukela oko ziye zafudukela kwiimeko ezixineneyo kakhulu ezifana namabala emidlalo. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwi-intanethi (FWA) kwiinkonzo ze-intanethi kunye nothungelwano lwabucala.
Izibonelelo eziphambili ze-5G mmWave I-throughput ephezulu ye-5G mmWave ivumela ukudluliselwa kwedatha enkulu (i-10 Gbps) kunye ne-2 GHz channel bandwidth (akukho kuhlanganiswa kwe-carrier). Olu phawu lufanelene kakhulu nothungelwano olunezidingo ezinkulu zokudlulisa idatha. I-5G NR iphinda inike i-latency ephantsi ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okudlulisa idatha phakathi kwenethiwekhi yokufikelela kwirediyo ye-5G kunye ne-core network. Iinethiwekhi ze-LTE zine-latency ye-100 milliseconds, ngelixa iinethiwekhi ze-5G zine-latency ye-1 millisecond nje.
Yintoni ekwitsheyini yophawu lwe-mmWave? Ujongano lwerediyo yerediyo (RFFE) luchazwa ngokubanzi njengento yonke phakathi kwe-eriyali kunye nenkqubo yedijithali ye-baseband. I-RFFE ihlala ibhekiswa kuyo njengenxalenye ye-analog-to-digital yomamkeli okanye umthumeli. Umzobo 1 ubonisa i-architecture ebizwa ngokuba yi-conversion ngqo (zero IF), apho i-converter yedatha isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-RF signal.
Umzobo 1. Le 5G mmWave igalelo loyilo lwekhonkco loyilo lwekhonkco isebenzisa isampulu yeRF ngokuthe ngqo; Akukho inverter efunekayo (Umfanekiso: Inkcazo emfutshane).
Itsheyini yomqondiso wemilimitha yemilimitha iquka iRF ADC, RF DAC, isihluzo sokupasa esisezantsi, iamplifier yamandla (PA), idijithali ezantsi naphezulu abaguquli, isihluzi seRF, iamplifier yomsindo ophantsi (LNA), kunye nejeneretha yewotshi yedijithali ( CLK). I-loop evaliweyo yesigaba / i-oscillator elawulwa yi-voltage (PLL / VCO) inikezela i-oscillator yendawo (LO) yabaguquleli abaphezulu naphantsi. Iiswitshi (eziboniswe kuMfanekiso 2) ziqhagamshela i-eriyali kumqondiso wokwamkela okanye wokudlulisa isekethe. Ayiboniswanga yi-beamforming IC (BFIC), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-phased array crystal okanye i-beamformer. I-BFIC ifumana umqondiso kwi-upconverter kwaye iyahlula ibe ngamajelo amaninzi. Ikwanayo nesigaba esizimeleyo kunye nolawulo lokuzuza kwitshaneli nganye yolawulo lomqadi.
Xa usebenza kwimodi yokufumana, itshaneli ngalinye liya kuba nesigaba esizimeleyo kunye nolawulo lokuzuza. Xa i-downconverter ivuliwe, ifumana isignali kwaye idlulisele nge-ADC. Kwiphaneli yangaphambili kukho i-amplifier yamandla eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, i-LNA kwaye ekugqibeleni itshintshe. I-RFFE yenza i-PA okanye i-LNA ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ikwimowudi yokuhambisa okanye imo yokufumana.
I-Transceiver Figure 2 ibonisa umzekelo we-RF transceiver esebenzisa udidi lwe-IF phakathi kwe-baseband kunye ne-24.25-29.5 GHz millimeter millimeter band. Olu lwakhiwo lusebenzisa i-3.5 GHz njenge-IF esisigxina.
Ukuthunyelwa kweziseko zoncedo ezingenazintambo ze-5G kuya kunceda kakhulu ababoneleli benkonzo kunye nabathengi. Iimarike eziphambili ezinikezelwayo ziimodyuli ze-broadband zeselula kunye neemodyuli zonxibelelwano ze-5G ukwenza i-Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT). Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-millimeter wave aspect ye-5G. Kumanqaku azayo, siya kuqhubeka nokuxoxa ngesi sihloko kwaye sigxininise ngakumbi kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ze-5G mmWave uphawu lwekhonkco.
I-Suzhou Cowin ibonelela ngeendidi ezininzi ze-RF 5G 4G LTE 3G 2G GSM GPRS i-eriyali yeselula, kunye nenkxaso yokucoca isiseko se-eriyali esebenza kakuhle kwisixhobo sakho ngokubonelela ngengxelo epheleleyo yovavanyo lwe-eriyali, njengeVSWR, ukufumana, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nepateni yemitha ye-3D.